Preheat oven to 350°F. Prepare a 12-cup Bundt cake pan with a light coating of nonstick cooking spray.
Make The Cake Batter:
In a medium bowl, whisk together the flour, cocoa, baking soda, and salt. Set aside.
Place the chopped chocolate and melted butter in a microwave-safe bowl. Microwave at 50% power in 30-second increments, stirring between each, until fully melted and smooth. Allow to cool slightly.
In a separate large bowl, whisk together the buttermilk, granulated sugar, eggs, and vanilla extract. Slowly whisk the melted chocolate mixture into the wet ingredients until combined.
Gently fold the flour mixture into the wet ingredients until just combined. Do not overmix.
Prepare The Flan Mixture:
In a blender or using an immersion blender, combine the sweetened condensed milk, whole milk, cream cheese, eggs, egg yolks, and vanilla extract. Blend for about 1 minute until the mixture is smooth and uniform.
Assemble And Bake The Cake:
Pour the caramel sauce into the bottom of the pan.
Carefully spread the chocolate cake batter over the caramel layer.
Slowly pour the flan mixture over the cake batter—it will gently layer on top.
Place the Bundt pan into a large roasting pan or deep baking dish. Carefully pour enough boiling water into the roasting pan to come halfway up the sides of the Bundt pan to create a water bath. This ensures even, gentle baking.
Bake in the preheated oven for 75 to 90 minutes, or until a toothpick inserted into the cake portion (not the flan) comes out clean. Alternatively, use an instant-read thermometer to check for an internal temperature of 180°F.
Chill And Finish The Cake:
Remove the Bundt pan from the water bath and transfer it to a wire rack. Allow the cake to cool to room temperature, about 1 hour. Then, refrigerate the cake in the pan for at least 8 hours or overnight to fully set the flan.
To unmold the cake, dip the bottom of the Bundt pan in warm water for about 1 minute to loosen the caramel. Place a serving plate over the pan and carefully invert it. The cake should release easily, with the caramel sauce drizzling over the top and sides.